FOR GPs & HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS

Acne is a common skin condition that occurs when oil glands become blocked. It is marked by blackheads, inflamed spots and pus-filled pimples, and can sometimes lead to scarring.

Eczema (also known as dermatitis) often begins in childhood, though it can also affect adults.  Managing the condition includes relieving the intense itch, which can be controlled with safe and effective measures.

Psoriasis appears as thick, scaly plaques affecting areas such as the scalp, elbows, knees and lower back.  A range of treatments are available, including topical therapies, phototherapy, oral medications and newer “biologic” treatments.

Urticaria, or hives, causes itchy welts that come and go. When persistent, it is usually due to an autoimmune process rather than an allergy. Treatments are effective, though the condition may last for months or even years.

Rosacea causes cheek redness that worsens with triggers like heat, alcohol or spicy foods, and may include acne-like pimples. The redness can be treated with laser and the pimples with creams or tablets.

Vitiligo is an autoimmune condition in which the immune system attacks and destroys pigment cells, leading to white patches on the skin.  It is treatable, but creams and UV therapy are most effective when started early.

This condition causes painful boil-like lumps under the arms, in the groin, and beneath the breasts in women.  If untreated, it can lead to scarring and persistent discharge.  Early specialist care is essential.

The most common cause of hair thinning is androgenic alopecia (male- or  female-pattern baldness).  It often runs in families.  Treatments are available to slow further thinning, and in many cases, encourage regrowth.

Nail distortion can have many causes. It may be due to a fungal infection, trauma from shoes or skin conditions such as eczema or psoriasis. Occasionally nail changes are linked to underlying health problems.

Childhood rashes are common and usually harmless. Most settle on their own, but some need medical attention. A proper diagnosis ensures the right treatment and reassurance for parents.